On 12th April 1948, Qasim Razvi, Chief of Razakars, threatened a bloodbath of Hindus, when he warned, if Indian Army ever attacked Hyderabad, it would find nothing but the bones and the ashes of one and half crore of Hindus erstwhile Hyderabad province. And, it was not a hollow threat. Razakars repeated genocides of Hindus, mass rape of their women, loot and destruction of their properties, what Moplah in Kerala had already committed in 1921. The difference was that Moplah was trying to establish an Islamic Kingdom, while Razakars already had a kingdom. Razakars wanted to have pure Islamic Kingdom wiping out Hindu population.
Razakars, the private militant army, which grew into 2,00,000 armed men headed by Qasim Razvi—who wanted to establish an Islamic state in Hyderabad—supported the rule of Mir Osman Ali Khan, the last Nizam of Hyderabad to resist the integration of erstwhile state of Hyderabad into the Dominion of India.
Kakatiya Dynasty was the last Hindu dynasty, which ruled eastern Deccan region, which comprises Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and parts of Eastern Karnataka today. The Kakatiya dynasty, which ruled from Orugallu, present day Warangal, is considered to be the most promising period of History of Telugu & Andhra Pradesh from 1083 to 1323.
Kakatiyas built reservoirs for irrigation and drinking water at highland called “tanks” many of which are still used today. The 1000 pillar temple in Warangal is an example of the exquisite Kakatiya Architecture. The Koh-i-Noor, the most valuable 105.6 carats (21.12 g) diamond, which is part of British Crown Jewels was mined and first owned by the Kakatiya Dynasty. Hyderabad’s Golconda Fort, which had been the capital of the Qutb Shahi kings from 1518 to 1687 was also constructed by Kakatiya Dynasty.
Prataparudra, also known as Rudradeva II, who succeeded his grandmother Rudramadevi, as the Kakatiya monarch, was the last ruler of the Kakatiya dynasty in India. In 1323, Islamic invader, Sultan Ghiyath al-Din or Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq attacked Rudradev II, ending Kakatiya dynasty, which was annexed to the Delhi Sultanate.
Wealth and affluences of Kakatiya dynasty continued to proposer even when power reached to Nizam. Mir Osman Ali Khan, the last Nizam of the erstwhile state of Hyderabad was prosperous enough to have its own army, air force, currency, telegraph, railways and even its own airlines called Deccan Airways. Despite all the wealth and riches of Nizam and splendour of Hyderabad province, majority of subject was underprivileged and poor. It was handful of landlords, who owned most of the lands.
In 1946, a revolt started against the brutal oppression of the peasantry by the landlords and the Nizam’s government. This came to be known as “Telangana Rebellion.”
In 1940, a Muslim political party known as Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen Party led by Qasim Razvi was growing in Hyderabad Province. Qasim Razvi had organised a private militant army of 2,00,000, which was called Razakars. 90% of Hyderabad population was of Hindus, but key posts in the state were held by Muslims. To meet the goal of Islamic State of Hyderabad, Razakars committed inhuman atrocities and brutalities on Hindu population, who were forced to flee the states. Razakars had tacit support from Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan. Hence, no government officials or police from Nizam administration dared to raise his voice against Razakars.
During partition, rivers of blood had flowed with lacs of innocent people massacred both sides. Therefore, to avoid a repeat of bloodshed, on 29 October, 1947 India and Hyderabad had signed a ‘Standstill Agreement’ which means status quo would be maintained. However, Nizam and Razakars continued to violate the agreement.
On 1 September, 1948, Razakars attacked Perumandla Sankeesa village in Dornakal mandal of Warangal district for demanding Hyderabad to be merged with Indian Union, which had freshly got independence on 15 August 1947. Razakars came on horses, gathered innocent villagers to make them stand in circle before shooting them dead and threw the injured into the fire and raped their women. Such horror and brutalities were carried out uncountable times by Razakars on Hindu population, who demanded to be with India.
Nizam gave Pakistan Rs. 20 crore as financial aid, which was violation of Standstill Agreement. Victims and survivors of Razakars’ atrocities ran to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, India’s then Home Minister pleading to save their lives. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, who had successfully merged 500 Princely States with India, called Hyderabad as an ‘Ulcer in the heart of India,’ which instantly needed to be removed surgically.
On 12th April 1948, when Qasim Razvi threatened bloodshed of Hindus, he continued to carry out massacres of Hindus wiping villages after villages, where people demanded to be with India. When it was naked dance of death, destruction and despair on Hindu population in Hyderabad, Indian government was left with no other option but to intervene.
On 13 September 1948, India launched an attack under an operation called “Operation Polo” on Hyderabad. In a five days battle, Indian army defeated Razakars militant army and integrated Hyderabad state into the territory of India. Huge crowds descended on the streets with Indian flags. This is how Hyderabad was liberated from atrocities of Razakars and Nizam.
Have Razakars stopped existing? No. Although Razakars were disbanded after Hyderabad merged with India with Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen banned, it was revived under new name All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen in 1957.
If Police Is Removed For 15 Minutes, We (Muslims) Will Finish 100 crore Hindus,” this threat of bloodbath of Hindus came from modern day Razakar, Akbaruddin Owaisi in 2013. Are modern Razakars in form of Owaisis trying to achieve to establish Islamic State in India, what Qasim Razvi failed in 1940s?
inputs from
https://www.insightsonindia.com/2020/09/21/kakatiya-dynasty/
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