The Modi government has made significant strides in eliminating Maoist terrorism, which once posed a major internal security threat across several states in India. Through a combination of aggressive military operations, strategic development initiatives, and political resolve, the government has successfully dismantled Maoist strongholds and reduced insurgent activity to a fraction of its former scale.
The Decline of Maoist Influence
When Narendra Modi assumed office in 2014, Maoist insurgency was rampant, affecting over 120 districts across states like Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh. The insurgents, operating under the banner of the Communist Party of India (Maoist), had established a vast network in the Red Corridor, using guerrilla warfare tactics to challenge state authority.
However, under Modi’s leadership, the number of Maoist-affected districts has drastically reduced from 126 to just 38. This decline is attributed to a multi-pronged approach that combined military action, infrastructure development, and rehabilitation programs.
Major Military Operations Against Maoists
The government launched high-intensity counter-insurgency operations, leading to the elimination of several top Maoist commanders.
Some of the most notable operations include:
- Operation Kurraguttalu (2025): A 21-day offensive in Chhattisgarh and Telangana resulted in the killing of 31 Maoist rebels, including 16 female insurgents. Security forces destroyed 214 hideouts, recovered 450 explosive devices, and dismantled Maoist bunkers.
- Elimination of Basavaraju (2025): The General Secretary of CPI-Maoist, Basavaraju, was killed in a massive encounter involving 27 Maoists. His death marked a turning point in India’s fight against Maoist extremism.
- Jharkhand Operations (2025): Security forces neutralized Pappu Lohra and Prabhat Ganjhu, two top Maoist commanders, further crippling insurgent networks.
These operations have significantly weakened Maoist leadership, forcing many insurgents to surrender or flee.
Development Initiatives in Maoist-Affected Areas
While military action played a crucial role, the Modi government also focused on economic development to address the root causes of Maoist insurgency. Key initiatives include:
- Infrastructure Development: The government invested in highways, railways, and power projects to improve connectivity in remote areas.
- Employment and Rehabilitation: Over 8,000 Maoists have surrendered since 2014, benefiting from rehabilitation programs that provide jobs and education.
- Education and Social Welfare: Schools and healthcare facilities have been established in former Maoist strongholds, ensuring better opportunities for local communities.
The Road Ahead: A Maoist-Free India?
With Maoist influence at an all-time low, security experts predict that India could be Maoist-free by 2026. The Modi government’s firm stance on national security, combined with development efforts, has transformed the Red Corridor into a region of growth and stability.
As India moves forward, continued vigilance and socio-economic reforms will be essential to ensure that Maoist terrorism remains a thing of the past.
